ABSTRACT
Our retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies (casirivimab and imdevimab) on mild cases of coronavirus disease 2019 patients admitted to the tertiary care center. A total of 161 patients were evaluated of which the test group consisted of 79 and the control group of 82. In the test group the patients had been administered with diluted 250 ml of 0.9 % sodium chloride along with co-formulated casirivimab (600 mg) and imdevimab (600 mg) solution intravenously and in the control group the patients were administered standard coronavirus disease 2019 treatment protocol. The monitoring of patients in both groups was done at least 1 h after drug infusion in the designated room. Post-treatment designed interviews were taken to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. This retrospective analysis discovered a significant association of symptoms with the group at 48 h for injected and non-injected patients and 1 mo from the chi-square test after injecting monoclonal antibodies. There is no significant association of symptoms with the groups at 3 mo. A significant difference in the symptom distribution through different time points in the injected group and not injected group was observed. From the pairwise McNemar's test, a significant difference in the symptoms between each time in 48 h, the difference was p=0.0075 and after 1 mo, p<0.001 points in both groups. The combination of casirivimab and imdevimab could be considered a treatment of choice for vaccinated, non-vaccinated and mild to highrisk coronavirus disease 2019 patients.
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Introduction: Parallel to past technological revolutions, along with existing pandemic crises has made digitally assisted tools, and formats for e-learning an essential component of medical Curriculam. This current study objectives were to find out the opinion of the students about the use and efficacy of the distance learning tools during the Covid-19 crises and its impact on learning and academic achievements among medical students of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 1021 medical college students of Saudi Arabia by developing a survey questionnaire composed of sociodemographic characteristics of participants, study habits assessment including teacher engagement and student-teacher interactions, assessment of distance teaching approaches such as availability of internet services at home, the usefulness of live sessions or recorded videos, number of hours one can attend the sessions and stay motivated, assessment of academic performance, evaluation of respondents experience and technical infrastructure, psychosocial assessment of respondents, and their coping with COVID-19 crises. Results: Among 1021 students, 503 (49%) were males and 518 (51%) females. 64% agree that distance teaching tools used by the teachers were easy to understand and use, and 55% responded that they are very much satisfied with E-learning provided by their institute. There was no significant difference observed between students on the usefulness of different approaches in facilitating learning experience except 'Self-study using text and/or video materials provided by the teacher approach' (P=0.043). Conclusion: The findings showed satisfactory results, showing that Saudi Arabia's respective medical universities offered good online support and orientation to overcome COVID 19 crises, and students found distance learning tools easy to use and understand as the support provided by the medical universities staff. Future steps would be taken based on the observed results, and further improvement would be implemented to make the learning process easier for medical students.
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Introduction: The continued explosive spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 worldwide is a crucial problem for all countries. Even though it is becoming increasingly difficult to stop the spread of the virus according to the World Health Organisation, countries need to enforce strict measures to minimise its effects. This study attempts to assess the awareness and compliance of the local population for following the precautionary measures against. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at different districts of Majmaah city, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey study was carried out at different districts of Majmaah city, Saudi Arabia, and 502 individual's respondents were included in the study. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire for noting compliance towards protective measures. All participants were informed about the nature of the study and given an informed consent form. Data were collected and analysed using SPSS@ 25 (SPSS Version 25.0. Armonk, Newyork: IBM Corp). Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. t-test was applied to compare mean scores.Results: There were 502 people who participated in this study, among them 260 (51.8%) were males and 242 (48.2%) females. This study highlighted that the population awareness was good and residents showed strong commitment towards coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) precautionary measures. The overall mean scores for awareness and commitment levels were 6.68 +/- 1.04 and 4.00 +/- 1.13. Conclusions: Most participants in the study had a positive perception of COVID-19 prevention and control. Residents of Saudi Arabia responded well to the threat imposed by COVID-19 and are following their government and health regulatory body's instructions. It is therefore suggested that this would also be a valuable resource for policymakers of Saudi Arabia
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We aimed this systematic review to analyze and review the currently available published literature related to long COVID, understanding its pattern, and predicting the long-term effects on survivors. We thoroughly searched the databases for relevant articles till May 2021. The research articles that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria were assessed and reviewed by two independent researchers. After preliminary screening of the identified articles through title and abstract, 249 were selected. Consequently, 167 full-text articles were assessed and reviewed based on our inclusion criteria and thus 20 articles were regarded as eligible and analyzed in the present analysis. All the studies included adult population aged between 18 and above 60 years. The median length of hospital stay of the COVID-19 patients during the acute infection phase ranged from 8 days to 17 days. The most common prevalent long-term symptoms in COVID-19 patients included persistent fatigue and dyspnea in almost all of the studies. Other reported common symptoms included: shortness of breath, cough, joint pain, chest pain or tightness, headache, loss of smell/taste, sore throat, diarrhea, loss of memory, depression, anxiety. Associated cardiovascular events included arrhythmias, palpitations and hypotension, increased HR, venous thromboembolic diseases, myocarditis, and acute/decompensated heart failure as well. Among neurological manifestations headache, peripheral neuropathy symptoms, memory issues, concentration, and sleep disorders were most commonly observed with varying frequencies. Mental health issues affecting mental abilities, mood fluctuations namely anxiety and depression, and sleep disorders were commonly seen. Further, diarrhea, vomiting, digestive disorders, and Loss of appetite or weight loss are common gastrointestinal manifestations. Therefore, appropriate clinical evaluation is required in long COVID cases which in turn may help us to identify the risk factors, etiology, and to my help, we treat them early with appropriate management strategies.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/complications , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/epidemiology , Humans , Post-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeABSTRACT
Introduction: The current pandemic of Covid-19 has caused havoc on the world economy and the lives of millions of people. In India, because of the diversified population, different income groups, and social habits of people, the extended lockdown has made a severe impact on the lifestyle. Aim: This article attempts to throw light on the effect of lockdown on migrant workers with regards to hardship and health. Conclusion: Daily wage earners, migrant workers are severe sufferers. Extended lockdown lead to exhaust their handful sav-ings forcing them to start their journey to hometown. The callous attitude of ruling dispensation has forced the migrant workers to start their journey on foot to reach their homes, making them susceptible to infection, accidents, and many more health-related adverse events. © IJCRR.